From Anti-Soviet Sentiment to a Pragmatic Rapprochement: Relations Between Chile and China in the 1980s

Abstract

This article argues that the 1980s marked the consolidation of Sino-Chilean relations, establishing the foundations of a complex relationship that included political, economic, cultural, and scientific dimensions. During this period, bilateral ties moved beyond an initial understanding based on geopolitical convergence, especially shared opposition to so-called “Soviet hegemonism”, and developed into a more pragmatic, diversified, and institutionalized relationship. Based on diplomatic records from the Chilean Embassy in China, the article shows that Chile pursued a deliberate strategy of broadening the relationship across multiple areas. Politically, ties were strengthened through high-level visits and tacit support in international forums, framed by the principle of non-interference in each country’s internal affairs. Economically, trade remained central, but both countries also began to explore joint ventures and direct investments. Cultural and technological exchanges, including a little-known Antarctic collaboration, also served as tools of “soft power”, helping to build trust and present Chile as a strategic partner. This broader framework allowed the relationship to endure the political changes and disruptions experienced by both countries.